session-13

Title

• cutting in and out

• more cuts

• love and words

• more love

• words and how they affect people

• how people live

• Helping Words

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cutting in and out

• entomology: the branch of zoology dealing with insects

  greek root:  en-    +    tome
              (in)       (a cutting)

Flies, bees, beetles wasps, and other insects are segmented creatures - head, thorax, and abdomen. Where these parts join, there appears to the imaginative eye a "cutting in" of the body

• entomological (adj)

• insect:

  latin root:  in-    +    sectus
              (in)       (a form of verb meaning to cut)

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• greek root : ek- (out)

  • greek prefix: ec-

  • latin prefix: ex-

  • combine ec- with tome to derive the words for surgical procedures in which parts are "cut out", or removed.

    • tonsillectomy (the tonsils)

    • appendectomy (the appendix)

    • mastectomy (the breast)

    • hysterectomy (the uterus)

    • prostatectomy (the prostate)

  • combine ec- with greek kentron (center) [Latin root: centrum]

    • eccentric: out of center. deviating from normal in behavior, attitudes etc, or unconventional, odd, strange.

    • eccentricity (noun)

more cuts

The greek prefix a- makes a root negative.

• atom: one that could not be cut any further

  • atomic (adj)

• anatomy: Originally the cutting up of a plant or animal to determine its structure, later the bodily structure itself.

  greek prefix: ana-
                (up)
  ``

  • anatomical (adj)

• tome:

  • originally -> any book that was part of a larger work of many volumes

  • today -> exceptionally large book, or one that is heavy and dull in content

• dichotomy:

  • splitting in two, a technical word used in astronomy, biology, botany, and the science of logic

  • also in non-technical term, when we refer someone working for two different job at day and night shifts

  greek prefix: dicha-
                (in two)

  • dichotomize (verb)

  • dichotomous (adj)

  Dichotomous thinking is the sort that divides everything into two parts - good & bad; white & black; democrats & republicans etc

• epitome: a condensation of the whole (summary)

  root:   epi-     +  tome
        (on, upon)

  • epitomize (verb)

    eg:

    She is epitome of kindness

    That one act epitomizes her philosophy of life

love and words

root: logos
          |-> science or study
       OR |-> word or speed

• linguistics: science of language

  latin root: lingua (tongue)

• philology: etymologically, the love of words

  root:  philein  +  logos
        (to love)

  • philological (adj)

more love

• philanthropy: is by etymology the love of mankind

  • philanthropist: one who devotes oneself to philanthropy

  • philanthropic (adj)

• philander (verb): to "play around" sexually, be promiscuous, or have extramarital relations

  root:  philein  +  andros
        (to love)    (male)

  Note: philandering, despite its derivation, is not of course exclusively the male province

  • philanderer: one who engages in the philandering

  FUN FACT : The word is, in fact, derived from the proper name conventionally given to male lovers in plays and romances of the 1500s and 1600s

• philosophy: by etymology, "the love of wisdom"

  greek: sophos (wise)

• philadelphia: city of brotherly love

  greek: adelphos (brother)

• philharmonic: the love of music or harmony

  greek: harmonia (harmony)

• philter: love potion (a rarely used word)

• aphrodisiac: whatever arouses sexual desire

  greek root: aphrodite (the greek goddess of love and beauty)

  • aphrodisiacal (adj)

• bibliophile: one who loves books as collectibles, admiring their binding, typography, illustrations, rarity, etc. In short "a book collector"

  greek root: biblion (book)

• anglophile: admires and is fond of the british people, customs, culture, etc

  latin root: Anglus (English)

words and how they affect people

• semanticist: is professionally involved in semantics

  • semantic or semantical (adj)

  • semantics (singular noun: this rule applies only when we refer to the word as a science or area of study)

    eg (plural): The semantics or your thinking are all wrong

how people live

• sociologist:

  root:  socius  +  logos
        (companion)

  • sociology: profession of sociologist

  • sociological (adj)

• socius is the source of such common words as

  • associate

  • social

  • socialize

  • society

  • sociable

  • antisocial: this person actively dislikes people, and often behaves in ways that are detrimental or destructive to society

  • asocial: this person is withdrawn and self-centered, avoids contact with others and feels completely indifferent to the interests or welfare of society. (doesn't want to get involved)

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Helping Words

• detrimental (adj): tending to cause harm

• wit: inventive thought & quick understanding; keen intelligence

• thorax: the part of the body of a mammal between the neck and the abdomen

• aptly: in a manner that is appropriate or suitable in the circumstance

• beetles: an insects of large order