# session-22 **Title** * [how to tickle](#how-to-tickle) * [how to flatter](#how-to-flatter) * [ways of writing](#ways-of-writing) * [it's obvious](#its-obvious) * [war](#war) * [first and bad news](#first-and-bad-news) * [Helping Words](#helping-words) *** ### how to tickle * `titillate`: tickle (can be used both literally and figuratively) > eg: you can titillate by gentle touches in strategic places * `titillation` (noun, verb): light sexual stimulation ### how to flatter * `compliment`: a pleasant and courteous experience of praise * `flattery`: stronger than a compliment and often considered insincere * `adulation`: flattery and worship carried to an excessive, ridiculous degree (fawn upon) * `adulatory` (adj) ### ways of writing * `proscribe`: to forbid (commonly used for medical, religious, or legal prohibitions) > ``` > root: pre + scribo, scriptus > (before) (to write) > ``` > In ancient Roman times, a man's name was written on a public bulletin board if he had committed some crime for which his property or life was to be forfeited; Roman citizens in good standing would thereby know to avoid him `Scribo`, `scriptus` is the building block of scores of common English words: * `scribe`: a person who copies out document by hand * `scribble` * `prescribe` * `describe`: **\[prefix: de- (down)]** - to write down * `subscribe`: to write one's name under an order or contract * `script` * `the scriptures`: holy writings * `manuscript`: **\[manus (hand)]** - something handwritten (the word was coined before the invention of typewriter) * `typescript` * `inscribe`: to write in or into a book, metal or stone * `postscript`: something written after the main part is finished ### it's obvious * `via`: by way of (from the latin word for road) > The Via Appia was one of the famous highways of ancient Roman times * `obvious`: etymologically it is right there in the middle of the road where no one can fail to see it - hence, easily seen, not hidden, conspicuous * and if you meet and obstacle in the road and dispose of it forthwith, you are doing what `obviate` says * `obviation` (noun) * `trivial` (from root `via`) * `trivialities` or `trivia` (also plural noun) * `trifles` ### war * `militate` derives from `militis` * if something militate against you; it fight against you. > `militis`: one of the forms of the Latin noun meaning soldier or fighting man > **Note**: `Militate` is always followed by the preposition `"against"` and, like obviate, never takes a personal subject > > eg: You don't militate against anyone, but some habit, action, tendency etc. militates against someone or something * `militant` (adj): favouring confrontational or violent methods in support of a political or social cause. > eg: The army are in conflict with militant groups * A `militant reformer` is one who fights for reforms * A `militant campaign` is one waged aggressively and with determination * `militancy` (noun) * `militant` is also noun for the person * `military` * `militia`: a military force that is raised from the civil population to supplement a regular army in an emergency. ### first and bad news * `malign` (verb, adj): to speak evil about, to defame, to slander > ``` > root: malus > (bad, evil) > ``` * `malignant` (adj): evil in nature > eg: > > 1. a malignant glance (one showing deep hatred) > 2. a malignant growth (one that is cancerous (bad)) * `malignancy` (noun) * (**medically**) a cancerous growth * (**generally**) the condition, state, or attitude of harmfulness, hatefulness, evil intent, etc * the noun form of adjective `malign` is `malignity` * `malediction`: a curse, an evil saying. > ``` > root: dico, dictus + malus > (to say or tell) (bad, evil) > ``` * `maledictory` (adj) * `malevolent` (adj): whishing evil or harm > ``` > root: volo malus > (to wish, to will , or to be willing) + (bad, evil) > ``` * `malevolence` (noun) * `maleficent`: doing harm or evil, or causing hurt > ``` > root: facio, factus + malus > (to do or make) (bad, evil) > ``` * `maleficence` (noun)^\*^ * `malefactor`: a wrongdoer, an evildoer, a criminal * `malefaction`: a crime, an evil deed * `maladroit`: clumsy, bungling, awkward, unskillful, etymologically, having a "bad right hand" * `maladroitness` (noun) * `malaise`: an indefinite feeling of bodily discomfort, as in a mild illness, or as a symptom preceding an illness. In short, bad ease, lack of ease * `malicious`: * `malice`: the desire to harm someone; ill will. eg: I bear no malice towards anybody * `malady`: a disease or ailment * `maladjusted`: failing to cope with the demands or a normal social environment * `malcontent`: a person who is dissatisfied and rebellious * `malpractice` * `malnutrition` *** ### Helping Words * `risque`: slightly indecent and liable to shock, especially by being sexually suggestive * `wuss` (n, v): a weak or ineffectual person (often used as a general term of abuse) * `wimp`: a weak and cowardly or unadventurous person (⚠️ DEROGATORY•INFORMAL) * `clumsy` (adj): awkward on movement or in handling things * done awkwardly or without skill * difficult to handle or use; unwieldy * lacking social skill; tactless * `bungling` (n, v): carrying out task clumsily * `trifles` (n, v) 1. a thing of little value or importance 2. a cold dessert of sponge cake and fruit covered with layers of custard, jelly, and cream * `trivia` (n): details, consideration, or pieces of information of little importance or value * `confine` * (n): the border or boundaries of a place * (V): keep or restrict someone or something within certain limits of (space, scope, or time) * `frenzied` (adj): wildly excited or uncontrolled. eg: a frenzied attack * `cram(ming)`: * completely fill (a place or container) to the point of overflowing * study intensively over a short period of time just before an examination * `conspicuous`: clearly visible; attracting notice or attention > eg: > > 1. He was very thin, with a conspicuous Adam's apple > 2. he showed conspicuous bravery * `forthwith` (adj): immediately; without delay (especially in official use) > eg: we undertake to pay forthwith the money required * `parishioner` (n): one who is regular churchgoer * `fawn upon` (ph. verb): to flatter and fuss over one to an excessive degree * `palate` (n): * the roof of the mouth * a person's ability to distinguish between and appreciate different flavors * `fancies`: feel a desire or liking for * `stimulation`: encouragement or something to make it develop or become more active --- # Agent Instructions: Querying This Documentation If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question. 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